随机生存的智慧
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编者的话:纳西姆·尼古拉斯·塔勒布 的几本书都大家也许熟悉,《黑天鹅》,《反脆弱》,今天要介绍的是他2010年出的一本很短的书,全书由格言集组成,因为名叫《The Bed of Procrustes》,这个名字是因为在希腊神话中,普罗克拉斯提斯是一个小城邦的主人。他招待客人的方式非常独特:他引诱旅人进门,为他们提供丰富的大餐,然后邀请他们在一张非常特别的床上过夜。他非让这张床刚好和客人的身长一丝不差。如果客人个子太高,他就用锋利的斧子把他们的腿截短;如果客人个子太矮,他就把他们身体拉长。 “本书认为,智慧的每一次失败,都可以归结为削足适履的结果。”而普罗克拉斯提斯这例子,在此处便显得更加传神及令人深思。 或者引用原文“We humans ,facing limits of knowledge , and things we dont observe, the unseen and the unknown, resolve the tension by squeezing life and the world into crisp commoditized ideas, reductive categories, specific vocabularies and prepackaged narratives, which, on the occasion, has explosive consequences.. Further, we seem unaware of this backward fitting, much like tailors who take great pride in delivering the perfectly fitting suit—but do so by surgically altering the limbs
of their customers. ”
下面的句子来自于该书
The person you are the most afraid to contradict is yourself.
这句说尽了心理学上认知失调理论的精华,具体详见文章“你为什么死不认错”长期来看,你更容易愚弄自己而不是别人。
长按下文二维码,进入该文
To bankrupt a fool, give him information.
看到这句话,我想起汪丁丁说的,我这里有一个1T的移动硬盘,其中全是学术论文,如果我想毁了一个年轻人,我就要他看其中的文章,诚然,对于缺乏索引和地图的心灵,过多的知识只会是负担。
Your brain is most intelligent when you don’t instruct it on what to do— Something people who take showers discover on occasion
这样的例子太多了,只举一例,苯的结构,但这必须是在长时间深思后才会有的结果。
If your anger decreases with time, you did injustice , if it increases , you suffered injustice
这句话令我想起:如果你在三十岁不是一个自由派,那么你不善良,如果你在三十岁后没有成为一个保守派,那么你不聪明。这句话更妙,让我想起了本书里的另一句话“the only time you get aging is when you start to talk about aging”
下面的句子也来自这本书,如果你不愿意看英文,之后有50条中文的
Hatred is love with a typo somewhere in your computer code, correctable but very hard to find.
The characteristic feature of the loser is to bemoan , in general terms, mankind’s flaws , biases , contradictions , and irrationality– without exploiting them for fun and profit
It is the appearence of inconsistency , and not its absence , that makes people attractive
Being unimaginative is only a problem when you are easiliy bored.
Unrequited hate is vastly more diminishing for the self than unrequited love. You cant react by reciprocating
It is a very recent disease to mistake the unobserved for the nonexistent, but some are plagued with the worse disease of mistaking the unobserved for the unobservable.
You exist if and only is you are free to do things without a visible objective , with no justification and above all , outside the dictatorship of someone else’s narrative
If you cant spontaneously detect ( without analyzing ) the difference between sacred and profane, you’ll never know what religion means.
You will also never gigure out what we commonly call art. You will never understand anything,
The sacred is all about unconditions , the profane is all about conditions
You are rich if and only if money you refuse tastes better than money you accept..
My only measure of success if how much time you have to kill.
Men destroy each other during war, themselves during peacetime.
You have a real life if and only if you dont compete with anyone in any of your pursuits.
We are hunters, we are only truly alive in those moments when we improvise, no schedule, just small surprises and stimuli from the enviroment.
Critics may appear to blame the author for not writing the book they want to read, but in truth they are blaming him for writing the book they wanted, but were unable to write.
You need to keep reminding yourself of the obvious , charm lies in the unsaid, the unwritten , and the undisplayed. It takes mastery to control silence.
A genius is someone with flaws harder to imitate than his qualities
Half of suckerhood is not realizing that what you dont like migt be loved by someone else (hence by you, later ) and the reverse.
There is nothing deemed harmful that cannot be beneficial in some particular instances , and nothing deemed beneficial that cannot harm you in some circumstances. The more complex the system, the weaker the notion of Universal.
You want to be yourself, idiosyncractic , the collective wants you generic to the point of castration.
True love is the complete victory of the particular over the general , and the unconditional over conditional.
The sucker’s trap is when you focus on what you know and what others dont know rather than the reverse.
Art is a one-sided conversation with the unobserved.
We love imperfection, the right kind of imperfection, we pay up for orginal art and typo-laden first editions.
Most people need to wait for another person to say
Wit seduces by signaling intelligence without neediness
Life’s beauty : the kindest act toward you in your life may come from an outsider not interested in reciprocation.
Meditation is a wasy to be narcissistic without hurting anyone.
True humility is when you can surprise yourself more than others, the rest is either shyness or good marketing
You can only convice people who think they can benefit from being convinced.
Trust people who make a living lying down or standing up more than those who do so sitting down, The tragedy of virtue is that the more obvious , boring , unoriginal, and sermonizing the proverb, the harder it is to implement.
Religions and ethics have evolved from promising heaven if you do good, to promising heaven while you do good, to making you promise to do good.
People often need to suspend their self-promotion , and have someone in their lives they dont need to impress. This explains dog ownership.
Pure generosity is when you help the ingrate. Every other form is self-serving.
It is what you do to hide your weakness that makes them repugnant.
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思维清晰是勇气的结果,而不是反过来。
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傻瓜认为自己是特殊的,别人都是普遍的;聪明人认为自己是普遍的,别人都是特殊的。
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绝大多数沉迷于信息-网络-媒体-报纸的人都很难接受,获得智慧的主要方法是从头脑中除去垃圾信息。
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愚人的陷阱是,你会关注你知道而别人不知道的事情,而不是反过来。
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信息时代的灾难在于,信息的害处远比它的益处增长的快。
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给别人提出最多建议的人,往往是那些最不成功的人,特别是在写作和财务方面。
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我们需要杰出的智慧和自控力才能承认,许多事情的逻辑是我们所不了解的,并且比我们自己的逻辑更加聪明。
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要承认有道理的东西并不是真的有道理,需要大量的智能和信心。
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他们所谓的“风险”,我称之为机遇,他们的所谓“低风险机遇” ,我称为愚人的问题。
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左派认为市场是愚蠢的,所以模型应该是聪明的;右派认为模型是愚蠢的,所以市场应该是聪明的。双方都从来没有意识到,市场和模型都是极度愚蠢的。
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股市概论:参与者平静的排队等待着遭受宰割,还以为自己是排队参加百老汇的表演。
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骗来几个亿比骗来几百万容易多了。
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你需要技能才能赢得宝马车,需要技能和魔鬼般的运气才能变成巴菲特。
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年长的人最美丽的时候,是他们拥有了年轻人所缺乏的东西的时候:雍容、博学、智慧、经验,以及波澜不惊的平静。
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让人上瘾的东西里,害处最大的三种是海洛因,碳水化合物和月薪。
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只有在近代,“努力”才变成一件让人骄傲的事情,而不是因为一件因为缺乏天赋、才能和气度才不得不做的、可耻的事情。
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要衡量一个人的价值,考虑一下你第一次见到他时的印象和最后一次见到他的印象有多大的差别。
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成功的反义词不是失败,而是把成功人士的名字时时挂在嘴边炫耀。
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在绝大多数争论中,人们似乎都在试图说服对方,但他们其实最多只能说服自己。
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现代化就是创造出没有英雄主义的年轻人,没有智慧的老人,以及没有光彩的生活。
21. 年长的人最美丽的时候,是他们拥有了年轻人所缺乏的东西的时候:雍容、博学、智慧、经验,以及波澜不惊的平静。
22 制药公司更擅长发明出和已有药物匹配的疾病,而不是发明出药物来治疗已有的疾病。
23 博学多才的人知道的多,表现出来的少;记者或咨询人士正好相反。
24如果某个人吹嘘自己的成就,会让我们感到恶心,但如果国家吹嘘自己的成就,则被称为民族自豪感
25天才的想象力远超他的学问,傻瓜的学问远超他的想象力。
26 当一个人开始谈论衰老的时候,他就真的开始老了。
27人们所谓的“谦逊”,其实通常都是掩饰得比较成功的傲慢。 真正的谦卑意味着你能让自己比别人更吃惊;别的要么是羞涩,要么的是巧妙的自我宣传。
28让我们最痛苦的是,不是跟没意思的人在一起,而是跟努力变现得有意思的没意思的人在一起。
29你是否真的喜欢一本书,判断的标准是你是否会重读它(以及重读了多少遍)。
30正是人们表现出来的自相矛盾之处让他们富有魅力。
31 友谊从来都不是可以被宣告结束的,如果是这样,其中至少有一个人是愚人。
32年轻人的智慧跟老年人的轻佻一样不太讨人喜欢。(这句话我用铅笔画了两遍)
33有些职业在外人看起来很有意思,其实很无聊。他们说,就连海盗都是这样。
34人们总喜欢关注“榜样”,其实更应该关注的是“反榜样”——你长大后不想成为什么样的人。
35人们道歉经常是为了将来再作同样的道歉。
36如果有人给你好几个理由说明他为什么想得到这份工作,不要雇用他。(这句话我看到的时候沉思了一下,当你真正喜欢从事某一工作的时候,理由只有一个,就是我喜欢。)
37忧郁症并不是哲学,就好像励志并不是哲学。
38一个人越博学,援引别人话的次数就越少。
39我靠我自己学会的东西,到现在还记得。
40如果有人宣称“永不再做”某件事情,那他肯定会在做一次。
41如果有人讲话时以“简单的说”开头,那他谈论的很可能是非常复杂的事情。
42为你读过的书撰写评论,远比为你没读过的书撰写评论要难。
43普通人往往会被小的冒犯所激怒,却在大的冒犯面前保持沉默,无动于衷。
44出类拔萃者的唯一定义是:如果你努力试图成为出类拔萃者,那你永远也无法如愿。
45弱者展示力量,掩饰弱点;强者展示弱点,就像展示饰品一样。
46 口头威胁是能力不足的最好证明。
47古人最怕的是不光荣的死亡,现代人最怕的就是死亡。
48 我信任所有人,除了那些告诉我他们值得信任的人。
49我不知道骗子能不能想明白,诚实的人可能比他们更精明。
50 竞技体育会让身体变成石头,竞技式的学术会让精神变成石头。
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